This commit is contained in:
cnwhy
2026-08-02 23:28:49 +08:00
parent c6f33bf5c9
commit f799ae2b40
12 changed files with 531 additions and 24 deletions
+140 -7
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@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
/*!
* qr-decode v0.0.5
* qr-decode v0.0.6
* (c) cnwhy <w.why@163.com>
* Released under the ISC License.
*/
@@ -2410,6 +2410,10 @@ var Pixel = function Pixel(data, base) {
throw "point error";
}
var point = x * 4 + y * base.width * 4;
// 透明/半透明像素按白色背景处理,避免透明区域被误判为黑色模块
if (data[point + 3] < 128) {
return 255;
}
return (data[point] * 33.33 + data[point + 1] * 33.33 + data[point + 2] * 33.33) / 100;
};
};
@@ -2424,13 +2428,142 @@ var binarize = function binarize(data, base, th) {
}
return ret;
};
function decode(imageDate, debugfn) {
var base = {
// 默认二值化阈值
var DEFAULT_THRESHOLD = 153;
// 图像预处理策略:输入 ImageData,输出 {data, width, height, threshold?}
// threshold 可以是单值或数组(多阈值依次尝试)
// 后续优化(自适应二值化、放大等)只需在此数组追加策略即可
var preprocessStrategies = [null,
// 0. 原图原阈值
invertImage,
// 1. 颜色反转(适配深色背景的反色二维码)
otsuStrategy,
// 2. Otsu 自动阈值(适配整体偏亮/偏暗的图)
invertedOtsuStrategy,
// 3. 反转 + Otsu(适配整体偏暗的反色二维码)
multiThresholdStrategy // 4. 多阈值扫描(兜底 Otsu 盲区:深色装饰背景等多峰分布美化二维码)
];
// 多阈值扫描集合:仅在前 4 个策略全部失败后触发
// 覆盖 Otsu 无法处理的多峰分布图(如“深色背景+灰模块+白间隔”三峰,Otsu 会选错谷),
// 以及带过渡带的低对比度图(Otsu 分割点偏低,需更高阈值才能获得清晰模块)
// 步长 15 覆盖全区间:o3.png 有效区间 125~150o2.png 有效区间 180~240
var multiThresholdValues = [60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135, 150, 165, 180, 195, 210, 225, 240];
// 多阈值策略:复用原图数据,对多阈值集合依次尝试
function multiThresholdStrategy(imageDate) {
return {
data: imageDate.data,
width: imageDate.width,
height: imageDate.height,
debugfn: debugfn
threshold: multiThresholdValues
};
return process(imageDate.data, base);
}
// 颜色反转:RGB 取反,alpha 保持不变
function invertImage(imageDate) {
var data = new Uint8ClampedArray(imageDate.data);
for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i += 4) {
data[i] = 255 - data[i];
data[i + 1] = 255 - data[i + 1];
data[i + 2] = 255 - data[i + 2];
}
return {
data: data,
width: imageDate.width,
height: imageDate.height
};
}
// Otsu 大津法:穷举 0-255 阈值,求类间方差最大者作为最优全局阈值
function otsuThreshold(imageDate) {
var data = imageDate.data;
// 1. 灰度直方图(一次扫描,跳过透明/半透明像素)
// 透明区域在二值化时按白处理(见 Pixel),不影响检测;
// 但统计时计入会拉偏阈值,故只统计真实可见像素
var hist = new Array(256);
for (var i = 0; i < 256; i++) hist[i] = 0;
var total = 0;
for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i += 4) {
if (data[i + 3] < 128) continue;
var gray = (data[i] * 33.33 + data[i + 1] * 33.33 + data[i + 2] * 33.33) / 100 | 0;
hist[gray]++;
total++;
}
// 2. 遍历阈值,找类间方差最大的
var sum = 0; // 全局灰度加权和
for (var i = 0; i < 256; i++) sum += i * hist[i];
var sumB = 0; // 背景类灰度加权和
var wB = 0; // 背景类像素数
var maxVar = -1;
var bestT = DEFAULT_THRESHOLD;
for (var t = 0; t < 256; t++) {
wB += hist[t];
if (wB === 0) continue;
var wF = total - wB;
if (wF === 0) break;
sumB += t * hist[t];
var mB = sumB / wB; // 背景类均值
var mF = (sum - sumB) / wF; // 前景类均值
var between = wB * wF * (mB - mF) * (mB - mF); // 类间方差
// 用 >= 在方差平坦时取最亮侧;阈值取两类均值中点,
// 避免双离散值图(类间方差平台)时阈值卡在类边界导致模块误判为白
if (between >= maxVar) {
maxVar = between;
bestT = Math.floor((mB + mF) / 2);
}
}
return bestT;
}
// Otsu 策略:复用原图数据,仅提供自动计算的阈值(由 process 的 threshold 参数消费)
function otsuStrategy(imageDate) {
return {
data: imageDate.data,
width: imageDate.width,
height: imageDate.height,
threshold: otsuThreshold(imageDate)
};
}
// 反转 + Otsu 策略:先反转,再对反转后的图计算 Otsu 阈值
// 覆盖“深色不够深、浅色不够浅”的偏暗反色二维码(固定阈值反转覆盖不了)
function invertedOtsuStrategy(imageDate) {
var inv = invertImage(imageDate);
return {
data: inv.data,
width: inv.width,
height: inv.height,
threshold: otsuThreshold(inv)
};
}
function decode(imageDate, debugfn) {
var lastErr;
for (var i = 0; i < preprocessStrategies.length; i++) {
var img = preprocessStrategies[i] ? preprocessStrategies[i](imageDate) : imageDate;
var base = {
width: img.width,
height: img.height,
debugfn: debugfn
};
// 支持多阈值:threshold 为数组时依次尝试,任一成功即返回
var thresholds = img.threshold;
if (!(thresholds instanceof Array)) {
thresholds = [thresholds];
}
for (var j = 0; j < thresholds.length; j++) {
try {
return process(img.data, base, thresholds[j]);
} catch (e) {
lastErr = e;
}
}
}
throw lastErr;
}
// ECI 声明中常见的字符集(QR 规范:ECI 编号 -> 字符集)
@@ -2556,11 +2689,11 @@ var bytesToString = function bytesToString(bytes, eci) {
// 4. 兜底默认 UTF-8
return decodeUTF8(bytes);
};
var process = function process(data, base) {
var process = function process(data, base, threshold) {
// var start = new Date().getTime();
// var image = grayScaleToBitmap(grayscale(),base);
// var image = binarize(128);
var image = binarize(data, base, 153); //转为位图;
var image = binarize(data, base, threshold || DEFAULT_THRESHOLD); //转为位图;
// 位图转为QR矩阵
var detector = new Detector_1(image, base);
+140 -7
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@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
/*!
* qr-decode v0.0.5
* qr-decode v0.0.6
* (c) cnwhy <w.why@163.com>
* Released under the ISC License.
*/
@@ -2416,6 +2416,10 @@
throw "point error";
}
var point = x * 4 + y * base.width * 4;
// 透明/半透明像素按白色背景处理,避免透明区域被误判为黑色模块
if (data[point + 3] < 128) {
return 255;
}
return (data[point] * 33.33 + data[point + 1] * 33.33 + data[point + 2] * 33.33) / 100;
};
};
@@ -2430,13 +2434,142 @@
}
return ret;
};
function decode(imageDate, debugfn) {
var base = {
// 默认二值化阈值
var DEFAULT_THRESHOLD = 153;
// 图像预处理策略:输入 ImageData,输出 {data, width, height, threshold?}
// threshold 可以是单值或数组(多阈值依次尝试)
// 后续优化(自适应二值化、放大等)只需在此数组追加策略即可
var preprocessStrategies = [null,
// 0. 原图原阈值
invertImage,
// 1. 颜色反转(适配深色背景的反色二维码)
otsuStrategy,
// 2. Otsu 自动阈值(适配整体偏亮/偏暗的图)
invertedOtsuStrategy,
// 3. 反转 + Otsu(适配整体偏暗的反色二维码)
multiThresholdStrategy // 4. 多阈值扫描(兜底 Otsu 盲区:深色装饰背景等多峰分布美化二维码)
];
// 多阈值扫描集合:仅在前 4 个策略全部失败后触发
// 覆盖 Otsu 无法处理的多峰分布图(如“深色背景+灰模块+白间隔”三峰,Otsu 会选错谷),
// 以及带过渡带的低对比度图(Otsu 分割点偏低,需更高阈值才能获得清晰模块)
// 步长 15 覆盖全区间:o3.png 有效区间 125~150o2.png 有效区间 180~240
var multiThresholdValues = [60, 75, 90, 105, 120, 135, 150, 165, 180, 195, 210, 225, 240];
// 多阈值策略:复用原图数据,对多阈值集合依次尝试
function multiThresholdStrategy(imageDate) {
return {
data: imageDate.data,
width: imageDate.width,
height: imageDate.height,
debugfn: debugfn
threshold: multiThresholdValues
};
return process(imageDate.data, base);
}
// 颜色反转:RGB 取反,alpha 保持不变
function invertImage(imageDate) {
var data = new Uint8ClampedArray(imageDate.data);
for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i += 4) {
data[i] = 255 - data[i];
data[i + 1] = 255 - data[i + 1];
data[i + 2] = 255 - data[i + 2];
}
return {
data: data,
width: imageDate.width,
height: imageDate.height
};
}
// Otsu 大津法:穷举 0-255 阈值,求类间方差最大者作为最优全局阈值
function otsuThreshold(imageDate) {
var data = imageDate.data;
// 1. 灰度直方图(一次扫描,跳过透明/半透明像素)
// 透明区域在二值化时按白处理(见 Pixel),不影响检测;
// 但统计时计入会拉偏阈值,故只统计真实可见像素
var hist = new Array(256);
for (var i = 0; i < 256; i++) hist[i] = 0;
var total = 0;
for (var i = 0; i < data.length; i += 4) {
if (data[i + 3] < 128) continue;
var gray = (data[i] * 33.33 + data[i + 1] * 33.33 + data[i + 2] * 33.33) / 100 | 0;
hist[gray]++;
total++;
}
// 2. 遍历阈值,找类间方差最大的
var sum = 0; // 全局灰度加权和
for (var i = 0; i < 256; i++) sum += i * hist[i];
var sumB = 0; // 背景类灰度加权和
var wB = 0; // 背景类像素数
var maxVar = -1;
var bestT = DEFAULT_THRESHOLD;
for (var t = 0; t < 256; t++) {
wB += hist[t];
if (wB === 0) continue;
var wF = total - wB;
if (wF === 0) break;
sumB += t * hist[t];
var mB = sumB / wB; // 背景类均值
var mF = (sum - sumB) / wF; // 前景类均值
var between = wB * wF * (mB - mF) * (mB - mF); // 类间方差
// 用 >= 在方差平坦时取最亮侧;阈值取两类均值中点,
// 避免双离散值图(类间方差平台)时阈值卡在类边界导致模块误判为白
if (between >= maxVar) {
maxVar = between;
bestT = Math.floor((mB + mF) / 2);
}
}
return bestT;
}
// Otsu 策略:复用原图数据,仅提供自动计算的阈值(由 process 的 threshold 参数消费)
function otsuStrategy(imageDate) {
return {
data: imageDate.data,
width: imageDate.width,
height: imageDate.height,
threshold: otsuThreshold(imageDate)
};
}
// 反转 + Otsu 策略:先反转,再对反转后的图计算 Otsu 阈值
// 覆盖“深色不够深、浅色不够浅”的偏暗反色二维码(固定阈值反转覆盖不了)
function invertedOtsuStrategy(imageDate) {
var inv = invertImage(imageDate);
return {
data: inv.data,
width: inv.width,
height: inv.height,
threshold: otsuThreshold(inv)
};
}
function decode(imageDate, debugfn) {
var lastErr;
for (var i = 0; i < preprocessStrategies.length; i++) {
var img = preprocessStrategies[i] ? preprocessStrategies[i](imageDate) : imageDate;
var base = {
width: img.width,
height: img.height,
debugfn: debugfn
};
// 支持多阈值:threshold 为数组时依次尝试,任一成功即返回
var thresholds = img.threshold;
if (!(thresholds instanceof Array)) {
thresholds = [thresholds];
}
for (var j = 0; j < thresholds.length; j++) {
try {
return process(img.data, base, thresholds[j]);
} catch (e) {
lastErr = e;
}
}
}
throw lastErr;
}
// ECI 声明中常见的字符集(QR 规范:ECI 编号 -> 字符集)
@@ -2562,11 +2695,11 @@
// 4. 兜底默认 UTF-8
return decodeUTF8(bytes);
};
var process = function process(data, base) {
var process = function process(data, base, threshold) {
// var start = new Date().getTime();
// var image = grayScaleToBitmap(grayscale(),base);
// var image = binarize(128);
var image = binarize(data, base, 153); //转为位图;
var image = binarize(data, base, threshold || DEFAULT_THRESHOLD); //转为位图;
// 位图转为QR矩阵
var detector = new Detector_1(image, base);
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